After Two Dry Months, California’s Waterpack Swings From Feast To Famine

A warm early winter storm and record-setting Holiday snowfall put California’s snowpack at 150% of normal at the turn of the year, but the driest January and February on record have moved the pendulum the other way — the snowpack is now only 63% of normal.

With little in the way of precipitation in the forecast, it’s clear that California’s water users — and its steelhead, salmon and trout — could be facing a painful, low-water year (from the SacBee):

If February concludes without additional storms — and none are expected — the northern Sierra will have seen 2.2 inches of precipitation in January and February, the least since record-keeping began in the region in 1921.

That is well below the historical average of 17.1 inches.

And,

The prospects for more rain this winter are not good. The National Weather Service’s Climate Prediction Center released a long-range forecast on Feb. 21, saying that the odds favor dry conditions across California and the Southwest through May.

Fortunately, it’s too early for fishermen to panic; California has experienced heavy late precipitation the last few years, and while you never want to find yourself counting on late storms to prop up a sub-par snowpack, it’s possible.

Should the water situation not improve dramatically, expect California’s reservoirs to end the rainy season far below capacity, leaving the water users and fish to deal with the consequences of too many promises for too little water.

Stunning Video Highlights Nighttime Sierra Skies

The Sierras remain one of California’s premier fly fishing destinations, but it turns out they’re pretty breathtaking even without the trout.

This stunning timelapse video from photographer Jeff Sullivan showcases a Sierra thunderstorm (about the 1:50 mark) and the meteor showers erupt around 2:15.

Enjoy!

CalTrout Participates In Sierra Forest & Water Conservation Planning Projects

While strategic planning exercises don’t attract a lot of media attention, CalTrout participates in the creation of planning, strategy and integrated management plans, believing that getting good management practices set in writing makes the public planning process far easier.

With many of California’s forests heading for a strategic planning process in upcoming years, Mark Drew and Jenny Hatch (CalTrout’s Eastern Sierra and Northern Sierra managers) were instrumental in creating the National Forests In The Sierra Nevada: A Conservation Strategy document — a guide for protecting the Sierra’s forests.

(CalTrout’s Mark Drew also participated in the creation of the SNEP Plus 15 Years: Ecological & Conservation Science for Freshwater Resource Protection & Federal Land Management in the Sierra Nevada document)

The following is the overview from the Sierra Forest Conservation Strategy:

Introduction To The Conservation Strategy Overview

California is the most biologically diverse state in the nation. Compared to other states, California has the greatest number of plant species and the most endemic species – plants and animals that occur only in California. The California Floristic Province, which includes the Sierra Nevada, has been designated as a global biodiversity hotspot by Conservation International, The Nature Conservancy and the World Wildlife Fund. Floristic diversity in the California Floristic Province is highest in the Sierra Nevada and Transverse ranges (Richerson and Lum 1980). The rich biological diversity and high endemism are the result of adaptation and evolution in response to the highly varied topography, climate zones, fire regime, geology, and soils found in the Sierra Nevada. The region contains one of the most biologically diverse temperate conifer forests on the planet, with 27 different species of conifers and over 3,000 vascular plants, 400 of which only occur in the Sierra Nevada (Centers for Water and Wildland Resources 1996). About 300 species of terrestrial vertebrates, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians use the Sierra Nevada as a significant part of their range, with an additional 100 species occupying the bioregion as a minor part of more extensive ranges elsewhere (Id.). One hundred thirty-five plant species and sixty-nine terrestrial vertebrate species found predominantly in the Sierra Nevada are considered at risk by state or federal agencies (Id.). These species are threatened by a variety of stressors – California’s rapid pace of development, habitat loss, habitat degradation, new pathogens, competition from introduced invasive species, and disruption of essential ecological processes such as fire. The additional stress from expected changes in future climate and the synergy among stressors are likely to affect the Sierra Nevada bioregion in ways not previously anticipated.

Land management planning on national forest lands in the Sierra Nevada offers a critical opportunity to define biologically appropriate protection and restoration strategies in this diverse region. With approximately 40 percent of the region comprised of national forest lands, the Forest Service is the largest land manager and oversees eleven national forests covering approximately 11.5 million acres. Thoughtful and forward thinking planning has the potential to positively influence a significant portion of the region. It is also timely to undertake a comprehensive review of biological resources in the region. Management activities on national forest are governed by their respective forest plans. The forest plans are intended to have a life time of about 15 years. The forest plans for the national forests in the Sierra Nevada were first adopted in the mid to late 1980s. Collectively, these forest plans have been amended three times since first adopted, and they are now ripe for a thorough review and revision. Forest Service leadership is in agreement with the need to revise the forest plans. The agency, in July 2012, released a draft revised forest plan for the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit and began in 2012 the process to revise three other forest plans (Inyo, Sierra, and Sequoia national forests). The Forest Service has adopted an ambitious schedule to revise a forest plan within three years of initiating the process.

In anticipation of the public dialogue about forest planning, our coalition developed the following conservation strategy for the national forests in the Sierra Nevada. The purpose of the strategy is to identify issues we believe to be a high priority to address during the process of revising forest plans and to suggest specific tools, methods, or actions to resolve or address these issues.

Federation of Fly Fishers Faire Headed For Mammoth Lakes, Sept. 13-16

The Federation of Fly Fishers are holding their first Fly Fishing Faire, including seminars, classes and fun stuff.

From their web page:

A jam-packed dawn-to-dusk schedule of fly-fishing classes, free seminars and activities is on tap for the Southwest Council Federation of Fly Fishers’ first Fly Fishing Faire, Sept. 13-16 in Mammoth Lakes, announced Michael Schweit, president of the 24 club organization.

Headquartered at Cerro Coso Community College, 101 College Parkway in Mammoth, the Faire will be a potpourri of the sport with clinics, workshops, films, casting, fly-tying, vendor displays and every aspect of the sport utilizing both the school and nearby Eastern Sierra waters.

Adult admission is $10 with children and teens age 16 and under admitted free. One admission is good for all Faire days.

Some workshops and seminars will be included in the Faire admission; other classes have separate registration or instructor and materials fees. Hours are Thurs., 2-5; Fri., 8-5; Sat.; 8-5; and Sun., 9-3.

Featured film presentation will be The International Fly Fishing Film Festival (IF4), 13 short and feature length films – about two hours – produced by professional and amateur filmmakers from all corners of the globe, showcasing the passion, lifestyle and culture of fly-fishing.

For more information, a schedule of events and other information, click here.

CalTrout Supports SB 1148 Because It’s Good For Fisheries And Sierra Economy

Recently, some have suggested that the CalTrout-supported SB 1148 legislation would damage the Sierra’s tourism and recreation economy. It’s not true, and we wanted to set the record straight in an Op-Ed piece to several Sierra newspapers.

SB 1148 Legislation Is Good For Fisheries

By Curtis Knight, Conservation Director, CalTrout

In a recently published article, it was suggested that CalTrout-supported SB1148 legislation would defund hatcheries, damage the Eastern Sierra’s tourism economy, and negate former Senator Cogdill’s AB 7 legislation.

Nothing could be further from the truth.

CalTrout worked closely with then-Senator Cogdill to pass AB 7 in 2005. That legislation set current hatchery production goals and funded the Heritage and Wild Trout program. Unfortunately the hatchery production goals set forth in AB 7 are not being met and the Heritage and Wild Trout program is still underfunded.

By contrast, SB 1148 supports the hatchery goals set by AB 7 (it looks for a more efficient means of meeting them, including the use of private hatcheries), adequately staffs and funds the Heritage and Wild Trout program, and proposes comprehensive management practices for all trout populations.

Here are some key benefits of SB 1148:

1) SB 1148 does not diminish funding for hatcheries.

AB 7 established the Hatcheries and Inland Fisheries Fund (HIFF) which is funded by 33 1/3% of fishing license sales. Typically, this fund is $20-25 million annually, and hatcheries receive over 85% of HIFF funds. SB 1148 will not change this.
What SB 1148 does do is empower DF&G to explore creative ways to meet currently unmet production goals. For example, private hatcheries can help meet production goals at a reasonable cost.

2) SB 1148 would reaffirm AB7′s establishment of the Heritage and Wild Trout program and ensure the hiring of the seven Heritage and Wild Trout positions promised by AB 7.

Originally, AB 7 required the hiring of seven new Heritage and Wild Trout positions, yet within four years of passing these new positions were eliminated. The existing legislative intent of AB 7 is clearly not enough to ensure the sustainability of the Heritage and Wild Trout program. SB 1148 fixes that.

3) SB 1148 tells DF&G to stock fish in areas where they are most needed.

SB 1148 focuses on providing anglers with the best fishing possible, especially in high use areas. In fact, stocking of hatchery fish in put-and-take fisheries will be improved with SB 1148. Where stocking is warranted the Department will have resources to meet angler demand and improve angler satisfaction.

4) SB 1148 is better because it doesn’t harm the genetic integrity of existing wild trout populations.

California’s native trout populations need protection too, and SB 1148 helps us protect them — while it looks for better efficiency in the hatchery production process. It proposes the stocking of triploid (sterile) fish wherever possible; triploids grow faster and provide the kind of angling experience sought by the majority of anglers.
SB 1148 is good for fisheries and tourism.

In contrast to what has been alleged, SB 1148 continues to evolve and no longer includes an Independent Hatchery Review Committee, a requirement to mark all hatchery fish, and several other stipulations mentioned in last week’s story.

Simply put, trout get short shrift in Sacramento, and California’s anglers need to stand together to ensure adequate resources are directed to improving the management of hatchery trout and wild trout.

SB 1148 is important because it reminds Sacramento of the promises made in AB 7 and reaffirms them; it preserves the percentage of license fees going to hatchery operations and also funds the Heritage and Wild Trout program.

We recognize the importance of trout fishing to the economy of the Eastern Sierra and believe SB 1148 will result in better fishing for all anglers.

The Eastern Sierra Update: Golden Trout and the Mammoth Watershed

Golden Trout In The Crosshairs

The Kern Plateau and the Golden Trout that reside there are in the news this month as the impacts of cattle grazing are being looked at.

The Golden Trout Wilderness Area contains four grazing allotments; two have been retired for the past ten years and two are currently being grazed.

At issue is whether and under what conditions grazing may continue. Data to support a decision based on a yet to be completed NEPA is still being collected and reviewed.

CalTrout is one of the stakeholders in the process, which could prove to be contentious.

A facilitated meeting will be held to see if the various parties (CalTrout, Forest Service, TU, off-road enthusiasts, ranchers, etc) can collaborate on a solution prior to invoking a more contentious process.

Mammoth Watershed News

The Upper Owens Watershed Assessment Project identifies non-point sources of pollution in the Mammoth Basin Watershed. Obviously, threats to water quality equal threats to fisheries, which is why CalTrout is the project lead with partners including, American Rivers, Inyo Mono National Forest, the Mammoth Community Water District and others.

We’re developing a monitoring plan (sampling and analysis) for a two-year study. The main goal of the project is to identify threats to water quality and develop management recommendations to mitigate them.

Nicely Photographed Video About Yosemite’s Water

Yosemite is one of world’s most iconic parks; this beautifully photographed video details the importance of Yosemite’s water to the rest of the state.

CalTrout’s Eastern Sierra Region Update

Our Eastern Sierra region manager (Mark Drew) has been busy working on the typically byzantine water projects common to the area. Drawn-out slogs through dense, technical water issues don’t always grab headlines, but the work typically impacts the long-term health of California’s fisheries.

Here’s an update on some of the bigger issues.

Wrapping Up A Couple Decades Of Work on Mono Basin

Way back in the 1980s (and 1990s), a series of court decisions initiated a restoration program for the main tributaries to Mono Lake. During the last year we’ve been follow through on what began decades ago — a collaborative process that is supposed to lead to lasting, healthy fisheries in the Mono Basin. (For the legal eagles among you, the key outcomes were Decision 1631 and Restoration Orders 98-05 & 98-07.)

At issue are the fisheries in Rush, Walker, Lee-Vining & Parker Creeks, and the enormous amount of research done in the interest of restoring them.

“What we’re hoping to do with this process is to bring closure to a couple decades worth of effort to restore Mono Basin — a collaborative process having to do with the long-term flow recommendations put forth by the state-appointed stream scientists” said CalTrout’s Mark Drew.

“For the last year, we’ve been trying to finish up an agreement as to how to implement the recommended flows and create long-term monitoring to protect these waters and fisheries.”

“It’s sobering to think this process began more than a quarter century ago,” Drew added.

Land use patterns are very different now than they were when the Los Angeles Department of Water & Power (DW&P) began altering the region’s hydrology, and the fish species of interest to fly fishermen aren’t native, yet CalTrout remains on the forefront of the goal to restore ecological health of the Mono Basin.

Mammoth Creek Water Fight

In a complex legal battle, the Los Angeles Department of Water & Power (DW&P) has thrown a monkey wrench into the Mammoth Water District’s recently completed EIR and urban water management plan. The EIR is the result of a long, intensive collaborative process that CalTrout was integrally involved with and that resulted in the completed settlement agreement between the District & CA DFG.

DW&P contends their water rights would be impacted if the plans are implemented. (In simple terms, the DW&P has senior water rights for water entering Mammoth Creek above the Mammoth Water District, and says that their water right will be impacted by the flows proscribed in the EIR document.)

Opponents of the DW&P lawsuits say that DW&P’s upstream water sources account for approximately 1% of the total Mammoth Creek flow and won’t be a problem, while DW&P counters the district is underestimating the amount of water needed to meet growth demands over the next decade.

CalTrout is hopeful some kind of negotiated compromise will be possible. Our goal over the 15+ year process of completing the EIR was to be sure enough water was in the creek for fisheries, and we feel the settlement agreement and the EIR should move forward.

“We hope to maintain the integrity of the settlement agreement,” said Mark Drew, “And feel strongly the agreement is sound, supports fisheries, and doesn’t affect DWP’s ability to withdraw water.”

CalTrout Involved In Inyo National Forest Management Plan

The Inyo National Forest is embarking on a once-in-a-generation revision of its management plan, and CalTrout is there to make sure the USFS incorporates sound management of aquatic resources.

The Inyo National Forest includes portions of the Golden Trout Wilderness — a critical habitat for California’s state fish.

In the coming months, the Inyo NF will be engaging with interested stakeholders to embark on what is expected to be a three year process, the outcome being a revised management plan that will guide the Forest for the next decade or more. Critical to the revision process is to make sure robust and objective science guides decision making and that due consideration for the needs of aquatic flora and fauna is given.

US Fish & Wildlife Service Says California Golden Trout Doesn’t Need ESA Protections

The US Fish and Wildlife Service recently announced they were declining to list the California Golden Trout as endangered, and while a denied ESA listing is often cause for anxiety among conservationists, in this case the news is better than it sounds.

For the last ten years — ever since Trout Unlimited filed a petition for listing the golden trout in 2001 — private groups like TU, CalTrout, the Federation of Fly Fishers, Orvis and others have worked with government agencies to remove threats to the California Golden Trout.

California Golden Trout

A California Golden Trout (photo Scott Chandler)

These threats include overgrazing, hybridization and competition from stocked trout and others. Many of these threats have been (or are in the process of being) eliminated.

We’re not taking the California Golden Trout’s future for granted; we’re in agreement with Trout Unlimited’s Howard Kern, who said (in an LA Times Article):

“If there were no collaborative recovery efforts underway, as was the case in 2001, we would be furious,” Kern said.

“However, we are pleased with all the collaborative activity surrounding this fish right now. If it stalls later, we will absolutely go after the federal government with another petition for listing.”

A collaborative approach to Golden Trout recovery is working, and while we’re not yet out of the woods, we’re seeing real progress.

Stunning Photo of California Golden Trout

Sent to us by CalTrout member Scott Chandler, this impossibly gorgeous California Golden Trout was caught in the Kern River headwaters — after a 12 mile hike up to 11,000′.

California Golden Trout

One of the things we're fighting for...

It’s a colorful reminder about one of the things CalTrout is fighting to preserve.