After Two Dry Months, California’s Waterpack Swings From Feast To Famine

A warm early winter storm and record-setting Holiday snowfall put California’s snowpack at 150% of normal at the turn of the year, but the driest January and February on record have moved the pendulum the other way — the snowpack is now only 63% of normal.

With little in the way of precipitation in the forecast, it’s clear that California’s water users — and its steelhead, salmon and trout — could be facing a painful, low-water year (from the SacBee):

If February concludes without additional storms — and none are expected — the northern Sierra will have seen 2.2 inches of precipitation in January and February, the least since record-keeping began in the region in 1921.

That is well below the historical average of 17.1 inches.

And,

The prospects for more rain this winter are not good. The National Weather Service’s Climate Prediction Center released a long-range forecast on Feb. 21, saying that the odds favor dry conditions across California and the Southwest through May.

Fortunately, it’s too early for fishermen to panic; California has experienced heavy late precipitation the last few years, and while you never want to find yourself counting on late storms to prop up a sub-par snowpack, it’s possible.

Should the water situation not improve dramatically, expect California’s reservoirs to end the rainy season far below capacity, leaving the water users and fish to deal with the consequences of too many promises for too little water.

CalTrout Participates In Sierra Forest & Water Conservation Planning Projects

While strategic planning exercises don’t attract a lot of media attention, CalTrout participates in the creation of planning, strategy and integrated management plans, believing that getting good management practices set in writing makes the public planning process far easier.

With many of California’s forests heading for a strategic planning process in upcoming years, Mark Drew and Jenny Hatch (CalTrout’s Eastern Sierra and Northern Sierra managers) were instrumental in creating the National Forests In The Sierra Nevada: A Conservation Strategy document — a guide for protecting the Sierra’s forests.

(CalTrout’s Mark Drew also participated in the creation of the SNEP Plus 15 Years: Ecological & Conservation Science for Freshwater Resource Protection & Federal Land Management in the Sierra Nevada document)

The following is the overview from the Sierra Forest Conservation Strategy:

Introduction To The Conservation Strategy Overview

California is the most biologically diverse state in the nation. Compared to other states, California has the greatest number of plant species and the most endemic species – plants and animals that occur only in California. The California Floristic Province, which includes the Sierra Nevada, has been designated as a global biodiversity hotspot by Conservation International, The Nature Conservancy and the World Wildlife Fund. Floristic diversity in the California Floristic Province is highest in the Sierra Nevada and Transverse ranges (Richerson and Lum 1980). The rich biological diversity and high endemism are the result of adaptation and evolution in response to the highly varied topography, climate zones, fire regime, geology, and soils found in the Sierra Nevada. The region contains one of the most biologically diverse temperate conifer forests on the planet, with 27 different species of conifers and over 3,000 vascular plants, 400 of which only occur in the Sierra Nevada (Centers for Water and Wildland Resources 1996). About 300 species of terrestrial vertebrates, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians use the Sierra Nevada as a significant part of their range, with an additional 100 species occupying the bioregion as a minor part of more extensive ranges elsewhere (Id.). One hundred thirty-five plant species and sixty-nine terrestrial vertebrate species found predominantly in the Sierra Nevada are considered at risk by state or federal agencies (Id.). These species are threatened by a variety of stressors – California’s rapid pace of development, habitat loss, habitat degradation, new pathogens, competition from introduced invasive species, and disruption of essential ecological processes such as fire. The additional stress from expected changes in future climate and the synergy among stressors are likely to affect the Sierra Nevada bioregion in ways not previously anticipated.

Land management planning on national forest lands in the Sierra Nevada offers a critical opportunity to define biologically appropriate protection and restoration strategies in this diverse region. With approximately 40 percent of the region comprised of national forest lands, the Forest Service is the largest land manager and oversees eleven national forests covering approximately 11.5 million acres. Thoughtful and forward thinking planning has the potential to positively influence a significant portion of the region. It is also timely to undertake a comprehensive review of biological resources in the region. Management activities on national forest are governed by their respective forest plans. The forest plans are intended to have a life time of about 15 years. The forest plans for the national forests in the Sierra Nevada were first adopted in the mid to late 1980s. Collectively, these forest plans have been amended three times since first adopted, and they are now ripe for a thorough review and revision. Forest Service leadership is in agreement with the need to revise the forest plans. The agency, in July 2012, released a draft revised forest plan for the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit and began in 2012 the process to revise three other forest plans (Inyo, Sierra, and Sequoia national forests). The Forest Service has adopted an ambitious schedule to revise a forest plan within three years of initiating the process.

In anticipation of the public dialogue about forest planning, our coalition developed the following conservation strategy for the national forests in the Sierra Nevada. The purpose of the strategy is to identify issues we believe to be a high priority to address during the process of revising forest plans and to suggest specific tools, methods, or actions to resolve or address these issues.

Slinkard Creek Restoration Key To Preserving Native Lahontan Cutthroat Trout

Preserving Native Lahontan Cutthroat Trout in Slinkard Creek

Near Monitor Pass lies Slinkard Creek, a beautiful little tributary of the West Walker River. It’s found within Slinkard Valley — a DFG Wildlife Refuge accessible only by foot — and it holds Lahontan Cutthroat Trout, which currently occupy less than 10% of their historic stream habitat.

Slinkard Creek Lahontan

A Slinkard Creek Lahontan.

Due to its isolation and the quality of its habitat, Slinkard Creek has become one of the last best places for preserving Lahontans. In fact, the most robust LCT restoration population is located in 1.2 miles of Slinkard Creek above a man made barrier.

This population is on the brink of a genetic bottleneck — the minimum population limit where the Lahontan’s unique genetics may be conserved.

In addition, small, isolated populations are also extremely vulnerable to catastrophic events, which could wipe out a few small pockets of native fish far easier than an expansive, wide-ranging population.

Clearly, it’s a critical time for the Lahontan Cutthroat.

That’s why CalTrout is helping restore Slinkard Creek and native Lahontan populations, and why we’ve set a goal that within a decade, we will secure and maintain self-sustaining LCT populations across the six recovery tributaries of the Upper Walker River (including Slinkard Creek).

Slinkard Meadows

Slinkard Meadows

For more information about this project you can contact our project manager-Jenny Hatch at 530-541-3495 or by email at jhatch@caltrout.org

Truckee Snapshot Day Scheduled for May 11, Website Live Now

Snapshot Day is one of the brilliant little ideas; it puts volunteers on the water to take “snapshot” of the Truckee watershed — it’s health (or lack of it) at one moment in time.

Because you’re nothing if you’re not on the Internet, here’s the Snapshot Day website — which includes a place where you can sign up, assuming you’re not a commitmentphobe.

Snap Shot Day

Snap Shot Day website (click image to visit)

From their shiny new website, an explanation:

the 12th Annual Snapshot Day is the one-day volunteer based annual event that takes a picture of 1 moment in time of our watershed: the greater Truckee River. Volunteer monitoring teams will go out to various monitoring sites to perform a stream walk (visual assessment), collect field data, grab samples and take photos. Streams will be field tested for dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, and temperature. Water samples will be taken back to central meeting locations and measured for turbidity, nutrients and fecal coliform bacteria. All necessary equipment will be provided.

When and Where:
Reno/Lower Truckee River
Friday, May 11th , 9am – 12pm

South Lake Tahoe, North Lake Tahoe, Middle Truckee River
Saturday, May 12th, 9am – 12pm

See How We’re Helping Protect Lahontan Cutthroats in Independence Lake

It’s Friday, so take a minute to watch this great short film with our partners at the Nature Conservancy that highlights our work at Independence Lake.

Watch Explore Independence Lake on PBS. See more from Rob on the Road.

This pristine lake in the Northern Sierra is home to one of the only two remaining lacustrine wild populations of Lahontan cutthroat trout left in the world.

Juvenile Quagga Mussels Found In Nevada Lakes

Juvenile Quagga Mussels have been detected in Nevada lakes located only an hour from Lake Tahoe, and while the immediate threat to other lakes isn’t entirely clear, the danger seems real (via the Reno Gazette):

Juvenile mussels are present in Lahontan Reservoir while Rye Patch Reservoir remains “suspect” for their presence, a new round of tests indicates.

There is no evidence adult mussels are thriving or reproducing in either water body but the danger of that possibility must be taken into account as boating activity is managed across the region, officials said.

The juvenile Quagga mussels in question are small enough to avoid detection by the naked eye, and in fact, a recently released Colorado State University report details the difficulty (click here to read the .pdf for yourself):

Unfortunately for boaters and boat inspectors, dreissenid mussels are microscopic during their larval, planktonic life stage. Dreissenid mussels at this stage of development are called veligers, and typically range in size from 50 to 400 μm (Ackerman et al. 1994). At this size, they are nearly invisible to the naked eye, and unlikely to be detected during a boat inspection. Very small spaces containing a small amount of water could also contain veligers and potentially facilitate colonization of new waters, if the veligers survive the pre-launch period.

Inspections might prove useful for some invasives, but for others, it’s clear that angler and boater education — and the development of clear-cut disinfection procedures — are needed to manage invasives across multiple bodies of water.

CalTrout Looking For Volunteers for Lake Tahoe Invasives Project

CalTrout is looking for volunteers to help with a warm water invasive fish control project in Lake Tahoe.

If you are interested in donating a day of your time to this project during the week of Aug 15-18 — or for more information — call our Northern Sierra office at 530-541-3495.

Attention Northern Sierra Streamkeepers

CalTrout is planning a citizen stream monitoring event for this Saturday, July 23rd from 9am-12pm.

It’s great fun for a good cause. Want to participate? Contact tcurrier@caltrout.org for a team/site assignment.

Summer Monitoring Programs in Tahoe

CalTrout’s Northern Sierra office is participating in a number of monitoring and improvement programs in the Lake Tahoe area, including:

Truckee River

CalTrout — in partnership with the US Forest Service — is performing a pre-restoration baseline fisheries assessment of the Upper Truckee River, the largest tributary to Lake Tahoe and home to Lahontan cutthroat trout.

We’re also leading a team with UN Reno, UC Davis, and Trout Unlimited to compliment our upper river assessment with a fine scale study of the lower river.

The predictive model we develop will hopefully guide reintroduction of Lahontan cutthroat trout into the lower watershed — as will the Meadow Restoration Fisheries Analysis Tool (MRFAT) we developed in conjunction with our partner groups. Our goal is to bring a greater focus on fish to the six restoration projects planned for the Truckee River (most of this work was made possible by the National Fish & Wildlife Foundation and the Resource Legacy Fund).

West Carson River

CalTrout is partnering with the Alpine Watershed Group, American Rivers, and the Department of Fish & Game to install gauge stations along the West Carson River. Eventually, we hope to improve the v-weir at the headwaters in Red Lake/Creek.

Lake Tahoe Invasives

Finally, our Northern Sierra team has partnered with UNReno, Tahoe RCD, and Department of Fish & Game to perform a two year warm water invasive fish control project along the nearshore of Lake Tahoe and stock replacement Lahontan cutthroat trout into Emerald Bay and the Tahoe Keys while examining their depletion rates and relationship to the existing food web.

If you would like to get involved in any of these monitoring and/or restoration projects, contact Jenny Hatch, Regional Manager, at 530-541-3495 or via email at jhatch@caltrout.org

CalTrout Teaches Boatload of Schoolkids About Invasive Species

CalTrout/Americorp Member Taylor Currier helped a boatload (literally) of Tahoe schoolkids understand the impacts of nonnative species on Tahoe’s native fish populations. From the Tahoe Daily Tribune:

“When they weren’t racing around the Dixie’s three decks or staring down into the blue through the glass bottom, the students shuffled through workshops on water conservation, wildlife and forest management taught by representatives from ten different agencies.
I think it’s great that they’re out on the lake or out in nature,” said Taylor Currier, a California Trout Americorp member, who was teaching the kids about aquatic invasive species. “I think these are the memories that stick with kids.”